Aluminum Alloy
Similar Specification of Aluminum Die-casting Alloys | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aluminum Die Casting Alloys Properties
& Other Feature
Designation | 360 | A360 | 380 | A380 | 383 | 384 | 390 | 13 | A13 | 43 | 218 |
Hot cracking properties | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Consistence | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
Filling capacity | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
Non-stick | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
Corrosion resistance | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Machining | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 1 |
Polishing | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
Electro plating | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
Anodizing | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
Oxidation layer | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
High-temp. strength | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Notice:1. 1 best, 5 worst 2.360,A380 for frequently-used | |||||||||||
Commonly Used Alloy | Application |
ADC12，LM2 | Almost any die-cast component |
A360 | Cover plates, instrument cases, outboard motor parts, hinges |
A380 | Applications requiring strength at elevated temperature, e.g.engineering hardware, brake component. |
LM24 | Engineering die-casting, carburetor parts, axle housings, motor housings and road wheels |
| Special Alloy | |
A356 | Structural parts requiring high strength; machine parts, truck chassis parts. |
384 | Pistons; automatic transmissions |
LM5 | Marine applications, cooking utensils, car fittings, door furniture. |
LM25 | Aircraft pump parts, aircraft fittings, nuclear energy installation, food equipment, chemical equipment, marine parts |
| Designation | 360 | A360 | 380 | A380 | 383 | 384 | 390 | 13 | A13 | 43 | 218 |
| 1．Mechanical properties | |||||||||||
| Tensile strength σb/MPa | 300 | 320 | 320 | 320 | 310 | 330 | 320 | 300 | 290 | 230 | 310 |
| Yield strength σ0.2/MPa | 170 | 170 | 160 | 160 | 150 | 170 | 250 | 140 | 130 | 100 | 190 |
| Elongation δ/% | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 〈1 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 9.0 | 5.0 |
| Hardness (Brinell) HB | 75 | 75 | 80 | 80 | 75 | 85 | 120 | 80 | 80 | 65 | 80 |
| Shear strength τ/MPa | 190 | 180 | 190 | 190 | – | 200 | – | 170 | 170 | 130 | 200 |
| Impact strength ακ/J | – | – | 4 | – | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | 9 |
| Fatigue strength σ-1 / MPa | 140 | 120 | 140 | 140 | 145 | 140 | 140 | 130 | 130 | 120 | 140 |
| Modulus of elasticity ε/GPa | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | – | 81.3 | 71 | – | 71 | – |
| 2．Physical properties | |||||||||||
| Density γ/(g.cm3) | 2.63 | 2.63 | 2.74 | 2.71 | 2.74 | 2.82 | 2.73 | 2.66 | 2.66 | 2.69 | 2.57 |
| Melting range T/℃ | 557- 596 | 557- 596 | 540- 595 | 540- 595 | 516- 582 | 516- 582 | 510- 650 | 574- 582 | 574- 582 | 574- 632 | 535- 621 |
| Specific heat capacity C/(J.kg. ℃) | 963 | 963 | 963 | 963 | 963 | – | – | 963 | 963 | 963 | – |
| Thermal expansion α(μm.m.K) | 21.0 | 21.0 | 22.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 21.0 | 18.0 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 22.0 | 24.1 |
| Thermal conductivity λ(W.m.K) | 113 | 113 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 134 | 121 | 121 | 142 | 96.2 |
| Electrical conductivity σ(%IACS) | 30 | 29 | 27 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 27 | 31 | 31 | 37 | 24 |
| Poisson’s ratio μ | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | – | – | – | 0.33 | – | – |
China Standard GB/T15115-94
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys
Japan Standard JIS H5302: 2000
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys Patrs
(All Max .Value For The Hiding）
American Standard ASTM B85-98
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys
（All Max. Value Except Appointed）%
German Standard DIN 1725-86
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys & Casting
Designation | Material number | Way & die casting state | Mechanical properties力学性能 | Standard Compositions（%） | |||||
| Tensile strength σ0.2/MPa | Yield strength σb/MPa | Elongation δ/% | Hardness HB5/250 | Density γ/(g.cm-3) | Alloys compositions | Allowed impurity | |||
| GD-AlSi9Cu3 | 3.2163.05 | Die casting state | 140-240 | 240-310 | 0.5-3 | 80-120 | 2.75 | Si8.0-11.0 ,Cu2.0-3.5 Mn0.1-0.5, Mg0.1-0.5 Al remainder | Fe≤1.2,Ni≤0.3,Pb≤0.2, Sn≤0.1,Ti≤0.15,Zn≤1.2, other：each≤0.05， total≤0.15 |
| GD-AlSi12 | 3.2582.05 | Die casting state | 140-180 | 220-300 | 1-3 | 60-100 | 2.65 | Si 10.5-13.5 Mn 0.001-0.4 Al remainder | Cu≤0.12,Fe≤1.2,Mg≤0.4, Pb≤0.2,Ni≤0.2, Sn≤0.1,Ti0.1,Zn≤0.5 other：each≤0.05，total≤0.15 |
| GD-AlSi12(Cu) | 3.2982.05 | Die casting state | 140-200 | 220-300 | 1-3 | 60-100 | 2.65 | Si10.5-13.5 Mn 0.001-0.4 Al remainder | Cu≤0.12,Ti≤0.1,Fe≤1.2, Zn≤0.5,Mg≤0.4,Pb≤0.2, Ni≤0.2,Sn≤0.1,other： each≤0.05, total：≤0.15 |
| GD-AlSi10Mg | 3.2382.05 | Die casting state | 140-200 | 220-300 | 1-3 | 70-100 | 2.65 | Si9.0-11.0, Mg0.20-0.50, Mn0.001-0.4 Al remainder | Cu≤0.10,Fe≤1.0, Ti≤0.15,Zn≤0.1 other：each≤0.05 total：≤0.15 |
| GD-AlMg9 | 3.3292.05 | Die casting state | 140≤220 | 200-300 | 1-5 | 70-100 | 2.6 | Mg7.0-10.0 Si0.01-2.5, Mn0.2-0.5 Al remainder，Be appointed | Cu≤0.05,Fe≤1.0,Ti≤0.15,Zn≤0.1 other：each≤0.05 total≤0.15 |
French Standard NF A57-703-84
Aluminum & Aluminum Die Casting Alloys Designations & Standard Compositions
| Designation | Al | Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Ni | Zn | Pb | Sn | Ti |
| A-5Y4 | Remainder | Fe+Si+Cu≤0.5 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | |
| A-S14Y4 | Remainder | 11.0-13.5 | 1.2 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.20 |
| A-S9Y4 | Remainder | 8.0-10.0 | 0.60 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.15 |
| A-S9U3Y4 | Remainder | 8.0-10.0 | 1.0 | 2.7-3.7 | 0.60 | 0.1-0.3 | 0.5 | 1.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| A-S9U32Y4 | Remainder | 7.5-10.0 | 1.3 | 2.5-4.0 | 0.60 | 0.3 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| A-S12UY4 | Remainder | 11.0-13.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.60 | 0.3 | 0.30 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.15 |
| A-G6Y4 | Remainder | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.30-0.60 | 5.0-7.0 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.20 |
| A-G10SY4 | Remainder | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.20 | 0.60 | 8.5-11.0 | 0.10 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.20 |
Europe Standard EN 1706:1998
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys Parts
| Alloys category | Alloys | Designation | Standard Compositions(all max.value for the hiding) | |||||||||||||
Si | Fe | Cu | Mn | Mg | Cr | Ni | Zn | Pb | Sn | Ti | Other | Al | ||||
Each | Total | |||||||||||||||
AlSi10Mg | ENAC-43400 | ENAC-AlSi10Mg(Fe) | 9.0- | 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.55 | 0.20- | – | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.15 | Remainder
|
AlSi | ENAC-4430 | ENAC-AlSi12(Fe) | 10.5- | 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.55 | – | – | – | 0.15 | – | – | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder |
ENAC-44400 | ENAC-AlSi9 | 8.0- | 0.65 | 0.10 | 0.50 | 0.10 | – | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.15 | Remainder | |
AlSi9Cu | ENAC-46000 | ENAC-AlSi9Cu3(Fe) | 8.0- | 1.3 | 2.0- | 0.55 | 0.05- | 0.15 | 0.55 | 1.2 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder |
ENAC-46100 | ENAC-AlSi11Cu2(Fe) | 10.0- | 1.1 | 1.5- | 0.55 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.45 | 1.7 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder | |
| ENAC-46200 | ENAC-AlSi8Cu3 | 7.5- | 0.8 | 2.0- | 0.15- | 0.05- | – | 0.35 | 1.2 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder |
ENAC-46500 | ENAC-AlSi9Cu3(Fe)(Zn) | 8.0- | 1.3 | 2.0- | 0.55 | 0.05- | 0.15 | 0.55 | 3.0 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder | |
AlSi(Cu) | ENAC-47100 | ENAC-AlSi12Cu1(Fe) | 10.5- | 1.3 | 0.7- | 0.55 | 0.35 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.55 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.25 | Remainder |
AlMg | ENAC-51200 | ENAC-AlMg9 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.10 | 0.55 | 8.0- | – | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.15 | Remainder |
International Standard Compositions of Aluminum Dei-casting Alloys
| Designation | A356% | A360% | A380% | A413% | ADC12% | LM2% | LM5% | LM24% |
| Silicon (Si) | 6.5-7.5 | 9.0-10.0 | 7.5-9.5 | 11.0-13.0 | 9.6-12.0 | 9.0-11.5 | 0.3 | 7.5-9.5 |
| Iron (Fe) | 0.20max | 1.3max | 1.3max | 1.3max | 0.90max | 1.0max | 0..6max | 1.3max |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.20max | 0.6 | 3.0-4.0 | 1.0 | 1.5-3.5 | 0.7-2.5 | 0.1 | 3.0-4.0 |
| Manganese(Mu) | 0.10max | 0.35max | 0.50max | 0.35max | 0.50max | 0.5max | 0.3-0.7max | 0.5max |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 0.25-0.45 max | 0.40-0.6max | 0.10max | 0.10max | 0.30max | 0.30max | 3.0-63.0max | 0.30max |
| Nickel (Ni) | – | 0.50max | 0.50max | 0.50max | 0.50max | 0.5max | 0.1max | 0.50max |
| Zinc(Zn) | 0.10max | 0.50max | 3.0max | 0.50max | 1.00max | 2.0max | 0.1max | 3.0max |
| Tin(Sn) | – | 0.15max | 0.35max | 0.15max | 0.30max | 0.2max | 0.05max | 0.2max |
| Lead(Pb) | – | – | – | – | 0.15max | 0.3max | 0.05max | 0.3max |
| Titanium (Ti) | 0.20max | – | – | – | 0.20max | 0.2max | 0.2max | 0.2max |
| Aluminum(Al) | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder |
Zinc Alloy
Application for Zinc Alloys | |
Zinc Alloys | Application |
No.2 | Industrial hardware, automotive parts, sporting equipment. |
No.3 | Having excellent balance of desirable physical, mechanical properties and superb cast ability. Almost suitable for any die-casting component. |
No.4 | Ceiling fans, zippers, electronics, electrical. |
No.5 | Toys, bathroom hardware, domestic hardware, gas regulators, electronics, electrical. |
No.8 | Industrial hardware, sporting equipment(golf clubs, fishing reels), automotive parts. |
China Standard GB/T 13818-92
Zinc Die Casting Alloys
Zinc Die Casting Alloys Properties
& Other Feature
Capability | Alloys number | ||||||
| No.2 | No.3 | No.5 | No.7 | ZA8 | ZA12 | ZA27 | |
| Hot cracking properties | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Gastight ness feature | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Die Castability | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Part complexity | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Dimensional accuracy | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Dimensional stability | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Corrosion resistance | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Cold shut defect | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Machining feature & quality | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Buffing feature & quality | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Plating feature & quality | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Anodizing | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Chemic coating | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
Notice: 1 best, 5 worst
Mechanical Properties of Zinc Alloys
| Designation | No.2 (%) | No.3 (%) | No.4 (%) | No.5 (%) | No.7 (%) | ZA-8(%) | ZA-12(%) | ZA-27(%) | |||
| Mechanical properties | Die Cast | Die Cast | Die Cast | Die Cast | Die Cast | Die Cast | Sand Cast | Die Cast | Sand Cast | Die Cast | Sand Cast |
| Ultimate Tensile Strength (Mpa) | 359 | 283 | 317 | 331 | 283 | 372 | 248-276 | 400 | 276-317 | 421 | 400-440 |
| Impact Strength(J) | 47 | 58 | 61 | 65 | 58 | 42 | 20 | 28 | 25 | – | 47 |
| Elongation (%) | 7 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 13 | 6-10 | 1-2 | 4-7 | 1-3 | 1-3 | 3-6 |
| Hardness(HB) | 100 | 82 | 92 | 91 | 80 | 95-110 | 80-90 | 95-115 | 90-105 | 105-125 | 110-120 |
| Shear Strength(Mpa) | 317 | 214 | 214-262 | 262 | 262 | 275 | – | 275 | – | 296 | 255 |
| Yield Strength(0.2%,Mpa) | – | – | 221-269 | – | – | 290 | 200 | 317 | 207 | 365 | 365 |
| Fatigue Strength Rotary Bend(5*108cyle ,Mpa) | 58．6 | 47．6 | 48-57 | 56．5 | – | – | – | – | 103．5 | – | 172．5 |
| Compressive Strength(0.1%,Mpa) | 641 | 414 | 414-600 | 600 | 600 | 252 | 199 | 252 | 199 | 269 | 227 |
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys Physical
& Mechanical Properties
| Designation | 360 | A360 | 380 | A380 | 383 | 384 | 390 | 13 | A13 | 43 | 218 |
| 1．Mechanical properties | |||||||||||
| Tensile strength σb/MPa | 300 | 320 | 320 | 320 | 310 | 330 | 320 | 300 | 290 | 230 | 310 |
| Yield strength σ0.2/MPa | 170 | 170 | 160 | 160 | 150 | 170 | 250 | 140 | 130 | 100 | 190 |
| Elongation δ/% | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 〈1 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 9.0 | 5.0 |
| Hardness (Brinell) HB | 75 | 75 | 80 | 80 | 75 | 85 | 120 | 80 | 80 | 65 | 80 |
| Shear strength τ/MPa | 190 | 180 | 190 | 190 | – | 200 | – | 170 | 170 | 130 | 200 |
| Impact strength ακ/J | – | – | 4 | – | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | 9 |
| Fatigue strength σ-1 / MPa | 140 | 120 | 140 | 140 | 145 | 140 | 140 | 130 | 130 | 120 | 140 |
| Modulus of elasticity ε/GPa | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | – | 81.3 | 71 | – | 71 | – |
| 2．Physical properties | |||||||||||
| Density γ/(g.cm3) | 2.63 | 2.63 | 2.74 | 2.71 | 2.74 | 2.82 | 2.73 | 2.66 | 2.66 | 2.69 | 2.57 |
| Melting range T/℃ | 557- 596 | 557- 596 | 540- 595 | 540- 595 | 516- 582 | 516- 582 | 510- 650 | 574- 582 | 574- 582 | 574- 632 | 535- 621 |
| Specific heat capacity C/(J.kg. ℃) | 963 | 963 | 963 | 963 | 963 | – | – | 963 | 963 | 963 | – |
| Thermal expansion α(μm.m.K) | 21.0 | 21.0 | 22.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 21.0 | 18.0 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 22.0 | 24.1 |
| Thermal conductivity λ(W.m.K) | 113 | 113 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 134 | 121 | 121 | 142 | 96.2 |
| Electrical conductivity σ(%IACS) | 30 | 29 | 27 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 27 | 31 | 31 | 37 | 24 |
| Poisson’s ratio μ | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | – | – | – | 0.33 | – | – |
Magnesium Alloy
Application for Magnesium Alloys
Magnesium Alloys | Application |
AZ91D | The most commonly used magnesium based alloy, having excellent castability and good strength. E.g. Automobile, computer parts, mobile telephones, sporting goods, housings, covers, handheld tool, household equipment, etc. |
AM50A,AM60B | With outstanding ductility and energy absorbing properties, combined with good strength and castability. (AM60B have comparatively higher tensile strength) E.g. Automotive seat frames, steering wheels, instrument panels, brackets, etc. |
AM20 | With high ductility and impact strength. E.g. Automotive safety parts. |
International Standard Compositions of Magnesium Die-casting Alloys
Element | AZ9D | AM60B | AM50A | AM20 |
Aluminum(Al) | 8.3-9.7% | 5.5-6.5% | 4.4-5.4% | 1.7-2.5% |
Manganese(Mu) | 0.15-0.50% | 0.24-0.6% | 0.26-0.6% | 0.20%min |
Zinc(Zn) | 0.35-1.0% | 0.22%max | 0.22%max | 0.22%max |
Silicon (Si) | 0.01%max | 0.10%max | 0.10%max | 0.05%max |
Copper (Cu) | 0.030%max | 0.010%max | 0.010% max | 0.008%max |
Nickel (Ni) | 0.002%max | 0.002%max | 0.002%max | 0.001%max |
Iron (Fe) | 0.005%max | 0.005%max | 0.004%max | 0.004%max |
Other each max | 0.02%max | 0.02%max | 0.02%max | 0.01%max |
Magnesium (Mg) | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder | Remainder |
Physical Properties of Magnesium Alloys
Designation | AZ91D | AM60B | AM50A | AM20 |
Density(g/cm3) | 1.081 | 1.80 | 1.77 | 1.75 |
Liquidus Temperature(℃) | 598 | 615 | 620 | 638 |
Incipient Melting Temperature | 420-435 | 420-435 | 420-435 | 420-435 |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 |
Specific Heat of Fusion(kJ/kg) | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 |
Specific Heat(kJ/kg*K) | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.02 |
Thermal Conductivity (W/K*m) | 51 | 61 | 65 | 94 |
Electrical Conductivity(MS/m) | 6.6 | – | 9.1 | 13.1 |
Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloys
Designation | AZ91D | AM60B | AM50A | AM20 |
Tensile Strength Ultimate(Mpa) | 240-250 | 225-240 | 210-230 | 190-210 |
Tensile Strength, Yield(Mpa) | 160 | 130 | 125 | 90 |
Compressive Strength(Mpa) | 148 | – | 113 | 74 |
Elongation (%) | 3-7 | 8-13 | 10-15 | 12-20 |
(Gpa) | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
(Gpa) | 17 | – | – | – |
Hardness(HBS 1/5) | 70 | 65 | 60 | 45 |
Impact Strength(J) | 6-9 | 17-18 | 18 | 18 |